Greenest Cloud Region Finder
Compare every AWS, Azure and Google Cloud region on grid carbon and price for the same workload.
- Cleanest region
- AWS ca-central-1
- Cheapest region
- AWS us-west-2, $1,401.60/mo
- Regions compared
- 134
Running the workload, location-based. Prices are on-demand Linux list prices.
Worth a look: nothing else is both cleaner and cheaper
Each of these beats every other region listed on carbon, on cost, or on both. Which to choose depends on latency to your users, where your data may live, and which services you need there.
Every region, carbon and cost
| Region | Grid | Carbon a year | Compute a month |
|---|---|---|---|
AWSeu-north-1 Stockholm, Sweden | 19 gSame grid | 17 to 38 kg CO₂e | $1,489.20m6i.xlarge |
Azureswedencentral Gävle, Sweden | 19 gSame grid | 18 to 40 kg CO₂e | $1,489.20D4s v5 |
AWSus-west-2 Oregon, US | 98 gSame grid | 90 to 198 kg CO₂e | $1,401.60m6i.xlarge |
Google Cloudus-west1 Oregon, 83% carbon-free energy (Google) | 98 gPublished | 85 to 214 kg CO₂e | $1,417.92n2-standard-4 |
Azurewestus2 Washington, US | 98 gNearby grid | 94 to 208 kg CO₂e | $1,401.60D4s v5 |
Google Cloudnorthamerica-northeast1 Montréal, 97% carbon-free energy (Google) | 11 gPublished | 10 to 24 kg CO₂e | $1,560.97n2-standard-4 |
AWSca-central-1 Montréal, Canada | 11 gSame grid | 10 to 22 kg CO₂e | $1,562.20m6i.xlarge |
Azurecanadaeast Québec City, Canada | 11 gSame grid | 11 to 23 kg CO₂e | $1,562.20D4s v5 |
Google Cloudeurope-north1 Finland, 98% carbon-free energy (Google) | 30 gPublished | 26 to 66 kg CO₂e | $1,561.09n2-standard-4 |
Google Cloudnorthamerica-northeast2 Toronto, 80% carbon-free energy (Google) | 74 gPublished | 64 to 162 kg CO₂e | $1,560.97n2-standard-4 |
Azurecanadacentral Toronto, Canada | 74 gSame grid | 71 to 157 kg CO₂e | $1,562.20D4s v5 |
Azurespaincentral Madrid, Spain | 96 gSame grid | 92 to 204 kg CO₂e | $1,562.20D4s v5 |
AWSeu-west-3 Paris, France | 16 gSame grid | 15 to 32 kg CO₂e | $1,635.20m6i.xlarge |
Azurefrancecentral Paris, France | 16 gSame grid | 15 to 34 kg CO₂e | $1,635.20D4s v5 |
Google Cloudeurope-west9 Paris, 96% carbon-free energy (Google) | 16 gPublished | 14 to 35 kg CO₂e | $1,644.79n2-standard-4 |
Not ranked, because there is no grid figure we can stand behind: AWS ca-west-1, Azure westcentralus, Azure westus3, Google Cloud us-west8.
What this model assumes
Show
- Carbon is location-based: the energy the workload uses (Cloud Carbon Footprint coefficients, as a minimum to maximum range) times the intensity of the grid where the region is. Manufacturing emissions are left out here because they do not change with the region.
- Google publishes a grid figure for each of its regions (2025); AWS and Azure publish none, so their regions take the figure for the grid they draw from. The Grid column says which: Published, Same grid, Nearby grid or Country average (Ember). Hover a figure for its source.
- Google's carbon-free energy percentage is market-based: how much of Google's use it matches with carbon-free purchases there. It is shown, not used in the ranking.
- Prices are each cloud's on-demand Linux list price for the instance type shown, before discounts, savings plans or committed use. Regions that do not offer the type show n/a.
- Sort by Both ranks regions by their distance from the cheapest and cleanest corner, each scaled to its range.
Sources: https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/region-carbon-info (data/yearly/2025.csv); https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/ via https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-intensity-electricity (CC BY 4.0); https://b0.p.awsstatic.com/pricing/2.0/meteredUnitMaps/ec2/USD/current/ec2-ondemand-without-sec-sel/; https://prices.azure.com/api/retail/prices; https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing (collected 2026-10-17); https://github.com/cloud-carbon-footprint/cloud-carbon-coefficients (Apache-2.0).
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About this tool
Questions
What is the greenest cloud region?
For the electricity a workload uses, the regions on hydro and nuclear grids: Quebec (Montréal), France, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland and Finland, on every cloud that has a region there. Their grids emit a few percent of what the coal and gas grids of South Africa, India, Poland or the Gulf do. The table ranks all of them with prices, because the cleanest region is not always the one you can use.
Why is the cleanest region not always the best choice?
Because price, latency, data residency and service availability matter too. A region on the far side of the world from your users adds latency, data may have to stay in a country, and not every service runs everywhere. The regions marked worth a look are the ones where nothing else listed is both cleaner and cheaper; choose among those with what you know about your users and your data.
Where do the grid figures come from?
Google publishes a grid carbon intensity for each of its regions. AWS and Azure publish none, so their regions take the figure for the grid they draw from: Google's figure where a Google region shares the grid, or the country's average from Ember where the country's grid is close to uniform. A region with no defensible figure is listed but not ranked. 134 regions are ranked: 33 on AWS, 59 on Azure and 42 on Google Cloud.
What about the provider's renewable energy purchases?
Those are market-based figures, and they differ by provider and contract. This page ranks by the grid (location-based), which means the same thing whichever company owns the data center. Google's carbon-free energy percentage is shown beside its regions as context, and the providers' own reports show their market-based numbers for what you actually run.
Which regions are the cleanest in the United States?
On these figures: us-west-2 (Oregon, US, 98 g/kWh), westus2 (Washington, US, 98 g/kWh), us-west1 (Oregon, 98 g/kWh). The Pacific Northwest and California grids are the cleanest in the country; the grids of the Southeast and the Mountain West the most carbon-intensive.
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OpenMore tools for: Carbon and sustainability, Compute and utilization
Region is decided once and paid for every month.
Finitizer shows carbon beside cost for what you actually run, region by region, so a move is a decision with both numbers in front of you rather than a sustainability project with no budget line.
See how Finitizer works